The Persian Qanat

Well shafts are sunk at regular intervals along the route of the tunnel to enable removal of spoil and allow ventilation. These appear as craters from above, following the line of the qanat from the water source to the agricultural settlement.

The water is transported along underground tunnels, known as koshkan, by means of gravity due to the gentle slope of the tunnel to the exit point (mazhar). From the mazhar, the water is distributed by channels to the agricultural land of the shareholders.

This ingenious system demonstrates the advanced engineering and water management techniques of the Persian Empire, allowing for sustainable irrigation in arid regions.

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**Topics:** History, Science, Travel
**Keywords:** godsgravesglyphs, Iran, Persian Empire, qanat

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*Excerpt source:* whc.unesco.org

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